Classification of living organisum

Classification

Father of classification Carl Linnaeus

 Hierarchy of classification    

                                              

 1).  Kingdom 

 2). Phylum

 3). Class 

 4).Order          

 5). Family

 6). Genus

 7). Species

 * Classification of Organisms

जन्तु जगत का वगीकरण 

•Biologists, such

•Ernst Haeckel (1894) 

•Robert Whittaker (1959) 

•Carl Woese (1977)

3 Domain Classification

Carl Woese (1977)

Whittaker(व्हहटेकर) proposed 

five kingdom classification :

1.Monera(मोनेरा)

2.Protista(प्रॉटटस्टा)

3.Fungi(कवक)

4. Plantae(पौधे)

5.Animalia(जीव)

•These groups are formed on the basis of their cell 

structure, mode and source of nutrition and body 

organization.

• The modification introduced by dividing the Monera into 

(or Archaea) and Eubacteria (or Bacteria) is also in use.

“Thus, by separating organisms on the basis of a hierarchy 

of characteristics into smaller and smaller groups, we 

arrive at the basic unit of classification, which is a 

'species‘”

."

1.Monera(मोनेरा) :

•These organisms do not have a defined nucleus or 

organelles, nor do any of them show multi-cellular body 

designs. 

•On the other hand, they show diversity based on many 

other characteristics. Some of them have cell walls while 

some do not have.

•The mode of nutrition of organisms in this group can be 

either by synthesizing their own food (autotrophic) or -

getting it from the environment - (heterotrophic). This 

group includes bacteria, Blue-green algae or 

cyanobacteria, and mycoplasma.

2.Protista (प्रॉटिस्िा):

•This group includes many kinds of unicellular 

eukaryotic organisms. 

•Some of these organisms use appendages, such as 

hair-like cilia or whip-like flagella for moving 

around. 

•Their mode of nutrition can be autotrophic or 

heterotrophic. 

•Examples are unicellular algae, diatoms and 

protozoans.

3.Fungi(कवक):

•These are heterotrophic eukaryotic organisms. 

• They use decaying organic material as food 

and are therefore called saprophytes.

•Many of them have the capacity to multicellular

organisms at certain stages in their lives.

•They have cell-walls made of a though 

complex sugar called chitin.

•Examples are- yeast and mushrooms 

•Some fungal species live in permanent 

mutually dependent relationships with blue 

green algae (or cyanobacteria). 

•Such relationships are called symbiotic. 

•These symbiotic life forms are called lichens. 

•We have all seen lichens as the slow-growing 

large coloured patches on the bark of trees.